Definition & Prevalence
Definition
- Nosebleed
- Usually self-limiting and harmless
- Most commonly affects anterior septal region (region of Kesselbach plexus)
Prevalence
- Anterior episodes more common in <15 years
- Posterior episodes are more common in the elderly
Etiology
Local causes:
- Trauma
- Inflammation
- Topical corticosteroid use
- Surgery
- Vascular issues
- Tumours: squamous carcinoma, angiofibroma
General causes:
- Hypertension
- Atherosclerosis
- Haematological disorders
- Environmental changes
- Antiplatelet/anticoagulant medications
- Excess alcohol