KEY CLINICAL FEATURES Acute
KEY CLINICAL FEATURES Acute Pulmonary Oedema:
- Frothy cough + SOB
- Gallop rhythm
- Engorged JVP
Arrhythmias: –
SOB
- Palpitations
- Chest pain
- Dizziness/syncope
Cardiac Tamponade: – SOB
- Engorged veins
- Upper body swelling
- Pulsus paradoxus
Heart Failure: – Raised JVP
- SOB
- Chest discomfort – Right heart signs:
- PND
- Peripheral oedema
- Orthopnoea
- Exercise intolerance
- Basal crepitations
- Displaced apex
- S3/S4
Silent MI:
- Isolated SOB in high-risk groups (elderly/dementia/pregnancy/diabetes)
- More common in women
SVC Syndrome:
- Upper body swelling
- Engorged JVP
- SOB
- Chest pain
ILD:
- Progressive
- dry crackles
- Cyanosis
- Clubbing
Lung Collapse:
- Reduced chest movement
- Mediastinal shift (towards collapse)
- Dull percussion
- Bronchial breathing
- Reduced breath sounds
Pleural Effusion:
- Dull percussion
- Reduced breath sounds
- Bronchial breathing above
Pneumothorax: – Sudden SOB
- Pleuritic pain
- Reduced breath sounds
- Reduced vocal fremitus
- Tracheal deviation (away)
Pneumonia:
- Focal signs
- Systemic symptoms
Lung Cancer: Risk factors:
- Smoking
- Asbestos Exposure
Pulmonary Embolism:
- Pleuritic chest pain
- Hemoptysis
- DVT history – SOB.