RISK FACTORS, SIGNS & SYMPTOMS, INVESTIGATIONS & DIAGNOSIS
RISK FACTORS
- Female gender
- Menstruating women (for cyclical pain)
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Non-cyclical:
- May present with a lump
- Possible nipple discharge
- If infectious: redness, swelling, fever
- Unilateral nipple changes
- Skin changes: peau d’orange, non-responsive eczema, erythema Cyclical:
- Dull heavy ache
- Bilateral
- Polyclonal pain extending to the axilla
- Occurs in the luteal phase
- Worsens 2 weeks before and during menses
- Improves after menses
INVESTIGATIONS & DIAGNOSIS
- Breast pain diary for 2 menstrual cycles
- Clinical examination