Definition, Prevalence & Etiology

Definition

• Bipolar disorder: A Mental health condition with distinct mood episodes
• 4 phases: Mania, hypomania, depressive, mixed episodes

The DSM 5 criteria can help distinguish between bipolar type 1 & 2
• Bipolar 1: ≥1 manic episode ± depressive episodes
• Bipolar 2: ≥1 depressive episode + ≥1 hypomanic episode (no mania)

• Age of onset: 15 to 19

Prevalence

• Bipolar 1 is more common than Bipolar 2

Etiology

• Genetic: 50% chance in first-degree relatives
• Environmental: Neglect, childhood abuse, cannabis use