Testicular Cancer
- Age group: Usually 18-40 years; rare pre-pubertally.
- Types:
- Germ cell tumours (most common in post-puberty – teratomas & seminomas).
- Yolk sac tumours (common in pre-pubertal males).
- Presentation: Painless lump, u/l scrotal swelling, heaviness, dull ache & dragging sensation. Can present with Hydrocele/Epididymal-orchitis
- Associated risks:
- Cryptorchidism (undescended testis). o Klinefelter syndrome.
- White
- Family history in the 1st generation
- Hypospadias o Sub/Infertility
- Investigations: Tumour markers (AFP, HCG, LDH).
- If suspected: 2-week referral